Tuesday, November 13, 2007

Osteoartritis (Pekapuran Sendi)




Osteoartritis (OA) yang dalam bahasa awam masyarakat kita sering dinamakan pekapuran sendi, adalah proses degenerasi atau penuaan sendi. Pada proses penuaan ini lapisan tulang rawan sendi yang terdapat pada rongga sendi menipis, sehingga jarak antara dua tulang saling bedekatan. Hal ini terjadi dalam waktu yang lama membuat rasa ngilu pada sendi bila digerakan. Reaksi lain yang timbul akibat dari beradunya dua tulang tersebut membuat jaringan tulang manjadi kasar dan timbul berduri (spur). Sendi yang paling sering terlibat adalah sendi lutut dan sendi kecil yang sering digerakan seperti jari tangan pada seorang pencuci baju atau pengetik.
Hal yang menyebabkan dan mempercepat terjadinya OA ini pada sendi lutut adalah berat badan yang berlebih dalam waktu yang lama.
Diagnosis OA ini bedasarkan keluhan dan foto rontgen sendi yang sakit (terdapat penyempitan celah sendi dan spur formation).
Pada keadaan yang lebih lanjut dapat terjadi proses iritasi dalam rongga sendi sehingga terbentuk cairan didalam sendi (efusi sendi). Bila ini terjadi maka keluhannya rasa kaku pada sendi. Tindakan yang harus diambil adalah mengeluarkan cairan itu dan dianalisa di laboratorium.

Pengobatan pada OA ini yang pertama menuju berat badan yang ideal, hindari gerakan yang yang melampaui kemampuan sendi (duduk bersila, jongkok). Perlu dilakukan fisioterapi, dan terakhir obat - obatan untuk meredakan rasa sakit.

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  2. Hal yang menjadi kemungkinan penyebab dari sakit pinggang adalah ginjal dan saluran kencing, tulang punggung, otot pinggang yang kaku dan saraf yang terjepit (HNP = hernia nukleus pulposus). Untuk tahu yang mana penyebabnya anda bisa datang pada dokter internist atau ahli saraf.

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